References

tumnig

Известия высших учебных заведений. Нефть и газ

Oil and Gas Studies

0445-01083033-8174

Industrial University of Tyumen

10.31660/0445-0108-2021-3-91-107

tumnig-943

Research Article

БУРЕНИЕ СКВАЖИН И РАЗРАБОТКА МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЙ

DRILLING OF WELLS AND FIELDS DEVELOPMENT

Характеристики эмульсий и их значение при прогнозе эффективности нефтевытесняющих композиций на основе поверхностно-активных веществ

Oil emulsion characteristics as significance in efficiency forecast of oil-displacing formulations based on surfactants

Турнаева

Е. А.

Turnaeva

E. A.

Турнаева Елена Анатольевна, кандидат химических наук, заведующий сектором хроматографии и спектроскопии ЦКП «Рациональное природопользование и физико-химические исследования»

Тюмень

Elena A. Turnaeva, Candidate of Chemistry, Head of the Chromatography and Spectroscopy Sector, Research Resource Center "Natural Resource Management and Physico-Chemical Research"

Tyumen

Сидоровская

Е. А.

Sidorovskaya

E. A.

Сидоровская Елизавета Андреевна, инженер ЦКП «Рациональное природопользование и физико-химические исследования»

Тюмень

Elizaveta A. Sidorovskaya, Engineer, Research Resource Center "Natural Resource Management and Physico-Chemical Research"

Tyumen

e.a.sidorovskaya@utmn.ru

Адаховский

Д. С.

Adakhovskij

D. S.

Адаховский Денис Сергеевич, аспирант кафедры органической и экологической химии

Тюмень

Denis S. Adakhovskij, Postgraduate at the Department of Organic and Ecological Chemistry

Tyumen

Кикирева

Е. В.

Kikireva

E. V.

Кикирева Екатерина Валерьевна, инженер ЦКП «Рациональное природопользование и физико-химические исследования»

Тюмень

Ekaterina V. Kikireva, Engineer, Research Resource Center "Natural Resource Management and Physico-Chemical Research"

Tyumen

Третьяков

Н. Ю.

Tret'yakov

N. Yu.

Третьяков Николай Юрьевич, кандидат химических наук, директор ЦКП «Рациональное природопользование и физико-химические исследования», профессор кафедры органической и экологической химии

Тюмень

Nikolai Yu. Tret'yakov, Candidate of Chemistry, Director of Research Resource Center "Natural Resource Management and Physico-Chemical Research", Professor at the Department of Organic and Ecological Chemistry

Tyumen

Кольцов

И. Н.

Koltsov

I. N.

Кольцов Игорь Николаевич, эксперт технологического офиса МУН

Санкт-Петербург

Igor N. Koltsov, Expert of EOR Technology Office

St. Petersburg

Волкова

С. С.

Volkova

S. S.

Волкова Светлана Станиславовна, кандидат химических наук, заместитель директора ЦКП «Рациональное природопользование и физико-химические исследования», профессор кафедры органической и экологической химии

Тюмень

Svetlana S. Volkova, Candidate of Chemistry, Deputy Director of Research Resource Center "Natural Resource Management and Physico-Chemical Research, Professor at the Department of Organic and Ecological Chemistry

Tyumen

Громан

А. А.

Groman

A. A.

Громан Андрей Андреевич, руководитель технологического офиса МУН

Санкт-Петербург

Andrey A. Groman, Head of EOR Technology Office

St. Petersburg

Тюменский государственный университетРоссияUniversity of TyumenRussian Federation

ООО «ГАЗПРОМНЕФТЬ — Технологические партнерства»РоссияGazpromneft — Technological Partnerships LLCRussian Federation

2021

15072021

0391107

2021

Турнаева Е.А., Сидоровская Е.А., Адаховский Д.С., Кикирева Е.В., Третьяков Н.Ю., Кольцов И.Н., Волкова С.С., Громан А.А.

Turnaeva E.A., Sidorovskaya E.A., Adakhovskij D.S., Kikireva E.V., Tret'yakov N.Y., Koltsov I.N., Volkova S.S., Groman A.A.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://tumnig.tyuiu.ru/jour/article/view/943

Увеличение нефтеотдачи на месторождениях может реализовываться с помощью химического заводнения при добавке поверхностноактивных веществ (ПАВ) по ПАВ-полимерной (SP) или щелочно-ПАВполимерной (ASP) технологии. Проектирование химического заводнения реализуется с учетом пластовых условий и составов пластовых флюидов. ПАВ в составе композиции заводнения позволяет изменять смачиваемость породы, снижать межфазное натяжение, увеличивать капиллярное число, образовывать нефтяную эмульсию, что обеспечивает значительное повышение эффективности вытеснения нефти. Данная работа посвящена комплексному изучению образующейся эмульсионной фазы как стадии лабораторного подбора поверхностно-активных компонентов для ПАВ-полимерного или щелочно-ПАВ-полимерного состава (раствора вытеснения). В работе изучен эффект влияния уровня минерализации водной фазы и концентрации ПАВ в вытесняющем растворе на характеристики образующейся эмульсии и показано, что по характеристикам эмульсии возможно определить область оптимальной минерализации и интервал концентраций ПАВ, обеспечивающих повышение нефтевытеснения. Полученные данные показывают возможность прогноза области эффективности состава ASP и SP по характеристикам образующейся водонефтяной эмульсии.

Enhanced oil recovery in mature fields can be implemented using chemical flooding with the addition of surfactants using surfactant-polymer (SP) or alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP) flooding. Chemical flooding design is implemented taking into account reservoir conditions and composition of reservoir fluids. The surfactant in the oil-displacing formulation allows changing the rock wettability, reducing the interfacial tension, increasing the capillary number, and forming an oil emulsion, which provides a significant increase in the efficiency of oil displacement. The article is devoted with a comprehensive study of the formed emulsion phase as a stage of laboratory selection of surfactant for SP or ASP composition. In this work, the influence of aqueous phase salinity level and the surfactant concentration in the displacing solution on the characteristics of the resulting emulsion was studied. It was shown that, according to the characteristics of the emulsion, it is possible to determine the area of optimal salinity and the range of surfactant concentrations that provide increased oil displacement. The data received show the possibility of predicting the area of effectiveness of ASP and SP formulations based on the characteristics of the resulting emulsion.

поверхностно-активное веществонефтевытесняющая композицияэмульсиялабораторные исследования

surfactantsurfactant-polymer floodingoil-displacing formulationlaboratory studies

References1

Abdulredha, M. M. Optimization of the demulsification of water in oil emulsion via nonionic surfactant by the response surface methods / M. M. Abdulredha, S. A. Hussain, L. C. Abdullah. – DOI 10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106463. – Direct text // Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering. – 2020. – Vol. 184. – P. [1−18].

Abdulredha, M. M., Hussain, S. A., & Abdullah, L. C. (2020). Optimization of the demulsification of water in oil emulsion via non-ionic surfactant by the response surface methods. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, (184), pp. [1-18]. (In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106463

Alvarado, V. Enhanced oil recovery : An update review / V. Alvarado, E. Manrique. – DOI 10.3390/en3091529. – Direct text // Energies. – 2010. – Vol. 3, Issue 9. – P. 1529–1575.

Alvarado, V., & Manrique, E. (2010). Enhanced oil recovery: An update review. Energies, 3(9), pp. 1529-1575. (In English). DOI: 10.3390/en3091529

West Salym ASP Pilot : Surveillance results and operational challenges / Y. Volokitin, M. Shuster, V. Karpan [et al.]. – Text : electronic // SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference, Moscow, 16–18 October 2017. – URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/187838-MS. − Published: October, 16, 2017.

Volokitin, Y., Shuster, M., Karpan, V., Mikhaylenko, E., Koltsov, I., Rakitin, A.,… Podberezhny, M. (2017). West Salym ASP Pilot: Surveillance Results and Operational Challenges. SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference. Moscow, October, 16-18, 2017. (In English). Available at: https://doi.org/10.2118/187838-MS

High Concentration Polymer Flooding is Successful / F. Yang, D. Wang, X. Yang [et al]. – Text : electronic // SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, Perth, Australia, 18– 20 October 2004. – URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/88454-MS. – Published: October, 18, 2004.

Yang, F., Wang, D., Yang, X., Sui, X., Chen, Q., & Zhang, L. (2004). High Concentration Polymer Flooding is Successful. SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition. Perth, Australia, October, 18-20, 2004. (In English). Available at: https://doi.org/10.2118/88454-MS

A Pilot Test of High-Concentration Polymer Flooding to Further Enhance Oil Recovery / F. Yang, D. Wang, W. Wu [et al]. – Text : electronic // SPE/DOE Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA, 22–26 April 2006. – URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/99354-MS. – Published: April, 22, 2006.

Yang, F., Wang, D., Wu, W., Wu, J., Liu, W., Kan, C., & Chen, Q. (2006). A Pilot Test of High-Concentration Polymer Flooding to Further Enhance Oil Recovery. SPE/DOE Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA, April, 22-26, 2006. (In English). Available at: https://doi.org/10.2118/99354-MS

Sheng, J. J. Modern chemical enhanced oil recovery : theory and practice / J. J. Sheng. – DOI 10.1016/c2009-0-20241-8. – Gulf Professional Publishing, 2011. – 620 p. – Direct text.

Sheng, J. J. (2011). Modern chemical enhanced oil recovery: theory and practice. Gulf Professional Publishing, 620 p. (In English). DOI: 10.1016/c2009-0-20241-8

Fundamentals of Enhanced Oil Recovery / L. W. Lake, R. Johns, B. Rossen, G. Pope. – Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2014. – 496 p. – Direct text.

Lake, L. W., Johns, R., Rossen, B., & Pope, G. (2014). Fundamentals of Enhanced Oil Recovery. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 496 p. (In English).

Dehghan, A. A. Evaluation of Chemicals Interaction with Heavy Crude Oil through Water/Oil Emulsion and Interfacial Tension Study / A. A. Dehghan, M. Masihi, S. Ayatollahi. – DOI: 10.1021/ef401361t. – Direct text // Energy & Fuels. – 2013. – Vol. 27, Issue 10. – P. 5852–5860.

Dehghan, A. A., Masihi, M., & Ayatollahi, S. (2013). Evaluation of Chemicals Interaction with Heavy Crude Oil through Water/Oil Emulsion and Interfacial Tension Study. Energy & Fuels, 27(10), pp. 5852-5860. (In English). DOI: 10.1021/ef401361t

Massarweh, O. The use of surfactants in enhanced oil recovery : A review of recent advances / O. Massarweh, A. S. Abushaikha. – DOI 10.1016/j.egyr.2020.11.009. – Direct text // Energy Reports. – 2020. – Issue 6. – P. 3150–3178.

Massarweh, O., & Abushaikha, A. S. (2020). The use of surfactants in enhanced oil recovery: A review of recent advances. Energy Reports, (6), pp. 3150-3178. (In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2020.11.009

Advances of spontaneous emulsification and its important applications in enhanced oil recovery process / Z. Li, D. Xu, Y. Yuan [et al.]. – DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102119. – Direct text // Advances in Colloid and Interface Science. – Vol. 277. – P. [1–17].

Li, Z., Xu, D., Yuan, Y., Wu, H., Hou, J., Kang, W., & Bai, B. (2020). Advances of spontaneous emulsification and its important applications in enhanced oil recovery process. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 277, pp. [1-17]. (In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102119

Bryan, J. Potential for Alkali-Surfactant Flooding in Heavy Oil Reservoirs Through Oilin-Water Emulsification / J. Bryan, A. Kantzas. – DOI 10.2118/09-02-37. – Direct text // Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology. – 2009. – Vol. 48, Issue 2. – P. 37–46.

Bryan, J., & Kantzas, A. (2009). Potential for Alkali-Surfactant Flooding in Heavy Oil Reservoirs Through Oil-in-Water Emulsification. Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology, 48(2), pp. 37-46. (In English). DOI: 10.2118/09-02-37

Thomas, S. Micellar Flooding and ASP – Chemical Methods for Enhanced Oil Recovery / S. Thomas, S. M. Farouq Ali. – Text : electronic // Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology. – 2001. – Vol. 40, Issue 2. – URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/01-02-04.

Thomas, S., & Farouq Ali, S. M. (2001). Micellar Flooding and ASP - Chemical Methods for Enhanced Oil Recovery. Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology, 40(2). (In English). Available at: https://doi.org/10.2118/01-02-04

Screening of Microemulsion Properties for Application in Enhanced Oil Recovery / A. Bera, T. Kumar, K. Ojha, A. Mandal. – DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2013.12.051. – Direct text // Fuel. – 2014. – Vol. 121. – P. 198–207.

Bera, A., Kumar, T., Ojha, K., & Mandal, A. (2014). Screening of Microemulsion Properties for Application in Enhanced Oil Recovery. Fuel, 121, pp. 198-207. (In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2013.12.051

Development of Surfactants for Chemical Flooding at Difficult Reservoir Conditions / J. R. Barnes, J. Smit, J. Smit [et al]. – Text : electronic // SPE Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA, 20–23 April 2008. – URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/113313-MS. – Published: April, 20, 2008.

Barnes, J. R., Smit, J., Smit, J., Shpakoff, G., Raney, K. H., & Puerto, M. (2008). Development of Surfactants for Chemical Flooding at Difficult Reservoir Conditions. SPE Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA, April, 20-23, 2008. (In English). Available at: https://doi.org/10.2118/113313-MS

Ghosh, P. Development of Surfactant-Polymer SP Processes for High Temperature and High Salinity Carbonate Reservoirs / P. Ghosh, H. Sharma, K. K. Mohanty. – Text : electronic // SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dallas, Texas, USA, 24–26 September 2018. – URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/191733-MS. – Published: September, 24, 2018.

Ghosh, P., Sharma, H., & Mohanty, K. K. (2018). Development of Surfactant-Polymer SP Processes for High Temperature and High Salinity Carbonate Reservoirs. SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dallas, Texas, USA, September, 24-26, 2018. (In English). Available at: https://doi.org/10.2118/191733-MS

Characterization of Oil − Water Emulsion and Its Use in Enhanced Oil Recovery / A. Mandal, A. Samanta, A. Bera, K. Ojha. – DOI: 10.1021/ie101589x. – Direct text // Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. – 2010. – Vol. 49, Issue 24. – P. 12756–12761.

Mandal, A., Samanta, A., Bera, A., & Ojha, K. (2010). Characterization of Oil - Water Emulsion and Its Use in Enhanced Oil Recovery. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 49(24), pp. 12756-12761. (In English). DOI: 10.1021/ie101589x

Saha, R. Influence of emulsification, interfacial tension, wettability alteration and saponification on residual oil recovery by alkali flooding / R. Saha, R. Uppaluri, P. Tiwari. – DOI 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.10.034. – Direct text // Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. – 2018. – Vol. 59. – P. 286–296.

Saha, R., Uppaluri, R., & Tiwari, P. (2018). Influence of emulsification, interfacial tension, wettability alteration and saponification on residual oil recovery by alkali flooding. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 59, pp. 286-296. (In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.10.034

Zhu, Y. Y. Effects of Emulsification on Oil Recovery and Produced Liquid Handing in Chemical Combination Flooding / Y. Y. Zhu, M. Lei, Y. Zhang. – Text : electronic // SPE Asia Pacific Enhanced Oil Recovery Conference, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 11–13 August 2015. – URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/174569-MS. – Published: August, 11, 2015.

Zhu, Y. Y., Lei, M., & Zhang, Y. (2015). Effects of Emulsification on Oil Recovery and Produced Liquid Handing in Chemical Combination Flooding. SPE Asia Pacific Enhanced Oil Recovery Conference, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, August 2015. (In English). Available at: https://doi.org/10.2118/174569-MS

Egbogah, E. O. Spontaneous emulsification aspect of enhanced oil recovery / E. O. Egbogah, R. A. Dawe. – DOI 10.1002/jctb.5040350307. – Direct text // Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology. Chemical Technology. – 1985. – Vol. 35, Issue 3. – P. 132–144.

Egbogah, E. O., & Dawe, R. A. (1985). Spontaneous emulsification aspect of enhanced oil recovery. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology. Chemical Technology, 35(3), pp. 132-144. (In English). DOI: 10.1002/jctb.5040350307

Winsor, P. A. Solvent properties of amphiphile compounds / P. A. Winsor. – London : Butterworth's Scientific Publications, 1954. – Direct text.

Winsor, P. A. (1954). Solvent properties of amphiphile compounds. London, Butterworth's Scientific Publications. (In English).

Phase behavior of branched tail ethoxylated carboxylate surfactant/electrolyte/alkane systems / M. Abe, R. S. Schechter, R. D. Selliah [et al.]. – DOI 10.1080/01932698708943599. – Direct text // Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology. – 1987. – Vol. 8, Issue 2. – P. 157–172.

Abe, M., Schechter, R. S., Selliah, R. D., Sheikh, B., & Wade, W. H. (1987). Phase behavior of branched tail ethoxylated carboxylate surfactant/electrolyte/alkane systems. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 8(2), pp. 157-172. (In English). DOI: 10.1080/01932698708943599

Nakamae, M. The effects of alkyl chain lengths of sodium alkyl sulfates and n-alkanes on microemulsion formation / M. Nakamae, M. Abe, K. Ogino. – DOI 10.1016/0021-9797(90)90015-g. – Direct text // Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. – 1990. – Vol. 135, Issue 2. – P. 449–454.

Nakamae, M., Abe, M., & Ogino, K. (1990). The effects of alkyl chain lengths of sodium alkyl sulfates and n-alkanes on microemulsion formation. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 135(2), pp. 449-454. (In English). DOI: 10.1016/0021-9797(90)90015-g

Bera, A. Water Solubilization Capacity, Interfacial Compositions and Thermodynamic Parameters of Anionic and Cationic Microemulsions / A. Bera, K. Ojha, T. Kumar, A. Mandal. – DOI 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.04.013. – Direct text // Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. – 2012. – Vol. 404. – P. 70-77.

Bera, A., Ojha, K., Kumar, T., & Mandal, A. (2012). Water Solubilization Capacity, Interfacial Compositions And Thermodynamic Parameters of Anionic And Cationic Microemulsions. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, (404), pp. 70-77. (In English). DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.04.013

Healy, R. N. Multiphase Microemulsion Systems / R. N. Healy, R. L. Reed, D. G. Stenmark. – DOI 10.2118/5565-PA. – Direct text // Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal. – 1976. – Vol. 16, Issue 3. – P. 147–160.

Healy, R. N., Reed, R. L., & Stenmark, D. G. (1976). Multiphase Microemulsion Systems. Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal, 16(3), pp. 147-160. (In English). DOI: 10.2118/5565-PA

Results of alkaline-surfactant-polymer flooding pilot at West Salym field / Y. Volokitin, M. Shuster, V. Karpan [et al.]. – Text : electronic // SPE EOR Conference at Oil and Gas West Asia 2018, Muscat, Oman, 26–28 March, 2018. – URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/190382-MS. – Published: March, 26, 2018.

Volokitin, Y., Shuster, M., Karpan, V., Koltsov, I., Mikhaylenko, E., Bondar, M.,… Brewer, M. (2018). Results of Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer Flooding Pilot at West Salym Field. SPE EOR Conference at Oil and Gas West Asia. Muscat, Oman, March, 26-28, 2018. (In English). Available at: https://doi.org/10.2118/190382-MS

Bera, A. Microemulsions : a novel approach to enhanced oil recovery : a review / A. Bera, A. Mandal. – DOI 10.1007/s13202-014-0139-5. – Direct text // Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology. – 2014. – Vol. 5, Issue 3. – P. 255–268.

Bera, A., & Mandal, A. (2014). Microemulsions: a novel approach to enhanced oil recovery: a review. Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 5(3), pp. 255-268. (In English). DOI: 10.1007/s13202-014-0139-5

Identification and Evaluation of High-Performance EOR Surfactants / D. Levitt, A. Jackson, C. Heinson [et al.]. – DOI 10.2118/100089-PA. – Direct text // SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering. – 2009. – Vol. 12, Issue 2. – P. 243–253.

Levitt, D., Jackson, A., Heinson, C., Britton, L. N., Malik, T., Dwarakanath, V., & Pope, G. A. (2009). Identification and Evaluation of High-Performance EOR Surfactants. SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering, 12(2), pp. 243-253. (In English). DOI: 10.2118/100089-PA

Effects of Interfacial Tension, Emulsification, and Surfactant Concentration on Oil Recovery in Surfactant Flooding Process for High Temperature and High Salinity Reservoirs / C.-D. Yuan, W.-F. Pu, X.-C. Wang [et al.]. – DOI 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b01393. – Direct text // Energy & Fuels. – 2015. – Vol. 29, Issue 10. – P. 6165–6176.

Yuan, C.-D., Pu, W.-F., Wang, X.-C., Sun, L., Zhang, Y.-C., & Cheng, S. (2015). Effects of Interfacial Tension, Emulsification, and Surfactant Concentration on Oil Recovery in Surfactant Flooding Process for High Temperature and High Salinity Reservoirs. Energy & Fuels, 29(10), pp. 6165-6176. (In English). DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b01393

Kokal, S. L. Crude Oil Emulsions : A State-Of-The-Art Review / S. L. Kokal. – DOI 10.2118/77497-PA. – Direct text // SPE Production & Facilities. – 2005. – Vol. 20, Issue 1. – P. 5–13.

Kokal, S. L. (2005). Crude Oil Emulsions: A State-Of-The-Art Review. SPE Production & Facilities, 20(1), pp. 5-13. (In English). DOI: 10.2118/77497-PA

Study on emulsification of Gudao crude oil asphaltene in polymer flooding / M.-R. Li, L.-Y. Lou, Y. Zhuang [et al.]. – Direct text // Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs. – 2007. – Vol. 5. – P. 76–79.

Li, M.-R., Lou, L.-Y., Zhuang, Y., Chu, Y.-L., & Jin, M.-J. (2007). Study on emulsification of Gudao crude oil asphaltene in polymer flooding. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 5, pp. 76-79. (In English)

Zhang, L. J. Experimental simulation on displacement of oil film in porous media / L. J. Zhang, X. A. Yue, Y. Y. Sun. – Direct text // Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency. – 2015. – Issue 6. – P. 80–84.

Zhang, L. J., Yue, X. A., & Sun, Y. Y. (2015). Experimental simulation on displacement of oil film in porous media. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, (6), pp. 80-84. (In English).

The effect of emulsification power and interfacial tension on displacement characteristics for displacement systems of heavy crude oil / J. J. Ge, D. F. Wang, G. C. Zhang, H. T. Liu. – Direct text // Acta Petrolei Sinica (Petroleum Processing Section). – 2009. – P. 690–696.

Ge, J. J., Wang, D. F., Zhang, G. C., & Liu, H. T. (2009). The effect of emulsification power and interfacial tension on displacement characteristics for displacement systems of heavy crude oil. Acta Petrolei Sinica (Petroleum Processing Section), pp. 690-696. (In English).

Fiori, M. Optimal Emulsion Design For The Recovery Of A Saskatchewan Crude / M. Fiori, S. M. F. Ali. – Text : electronic // Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology. – 1991. – Vol. 30, Issue 2. – URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/91-02-10.

Fiori, M., & Ali, S. M. F. (1991). Optimal Emulsion Design For The Recovery Of A Saskatchewan Crude. Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology, 30(2). (In English). Available at: https://doi.org/10.2118/91-02-10

McAuliffe, C. D. Crude-Oil-Water Emulsions to Improve Fluid Flow in an Oil Reservoir / C. D. McAuliffe. – DOI 10.2118/4370-PA. – Direct text // Journal of Petroleum Technology. – 1973. – Vol. 25, Issue 6. – P. 721–726.

McAuliffe, C. D. (1973). Crude-Oil-Water Emulsions to Improve Fluid Flow in an Oil Reservoir. Journal of Petroleum Technology, (25(06)), pp. 721-726. (In English). DOI: 10.2118/4370-PA.

The Generation, Stabilization and Migration Rules of Crude Oil Emulsion During the Process of Amphiphilic Polymer Flooding / Y. Li, Z. Li, H. Wu [et al.]. – Text : electronic // SPE Improved Oil Recovery Conference, 14–18 April 2006. – Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA, 2018. – URL: https://doi.org/10.2118/190220-MS. – Published: April, 14, 2018.

Lu, Y., Li, Z., Wu, H., Jiang, J., Jiang, J., Hou, J.,… Bai, B. (2018). The Generation, Stabilization and Migration Rules of Crude Oil Emulsion During the Process of Amphiphilic Polymer Flooding. SPE Improved Oil Recovery Conference. Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA, April, 14-18, 2018. (In English). Available at: https://doi.org/10.2118/190220-MS

Emulsification of heavy crude oil in brine and its plugging performance in porous media / L. Yu, M. Dong, B. Ding, Y. Yuan. – DOI 10.1016/J.CES.2017.12.043. – Direct text // Chemical Engineering Science. – 2018. – Vol. 178. – P. 335–347.

Yu, L., Dong, M., Ding, B., & Yuan, Y. (2018). Emulsification of heavy crude oil in brine and its plugging performance in porous media. Chemical Engineering Science, 178, pp. 335-347. (In English). DOI: 10.1016/J.CES.2017.12.043

Kumar, N. Surfactant Stabilized Oil-in-Water Nanoemulsion: Stability, Interfacial Tension, and Rheology Study for Enhanced Oil Recovery Application / N. Kumar, A. Mandal. – DOI 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b00043. – Direct text // Energy & Fuels. – 2018. – Vol. 32, Issue 6. – P. 6452–6466.

Kumar, N., & Mandal, A. (2018). Surfactant Stabilized Oil-in-Water Nanoemulsion: Stability, Interfacial Tension, and Rheology Study for Enhanced Oil Recovery Application. Energy & Fuels, 32(6), pp. 6452-6466. (In English). DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b00043

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.