GEOLOGY, PROSPECTING AND EXPLORATION OF OIL AND GAS FIELDS
The regional stratigraphic schemes of Jurassic and Cretaceous deposits in Western Siberia, approved over the last fifty years, reflect a conflict between the current clinoform concept and an outdated plane-parallel model. The “survivability” of the outdated model in the main stratigraphic documentation of the sedimentation basin is explained by the rejection of scientific comprehensive interpretation principle in former discussions. In these discussions, the biostratigraphic age evaluations had grand favor primacy in compare with any geophysical and geological information in conflict situation.
Materials and methods. This study analyzes and compares the data from the clinoform lithostratigraphic model with the available biostratigraphic dates for the current stage of sedimentary basin research.
Conclusions. The lithologostratigraphic model has greater proven reliability and accuracy than disparate biostratigraphic dates. On the one hand, there are hundreds of thousands of reservoir intersections in wells and millions of points of seismic interpretation in the inter–well space. On the other hand, there are less than five hundred valid definitions of index fossils (ammonites) for the entire productive sequencts.
Suggestion. Notes the need for urgent resumption of the work of the Regional Interagency Stratigraphic Meeting. It should prepare a balanced version of the stratigraphic schemes for the Upper Jurassic and Berriasian-Aptian deposits. We propose a methodology for developing complex, verified collective stratigraphic solutions through the efforts of the Regional Meeting.
At present, the issue of oil and gas potential in the Kurgan region, the question remains open. Without convincing evidence, some specialists believe that the depths of the Kurgan TransUrals is of little interest for hydrocarbon extraction.
On the other hand, some experts suggest that, although the hydrocarbon deposits in the region are not large, their discovery is possible if the directions for exploration and prospecting work are carefully justified, with special attention to Paleozoic deposits.
The aim of the study is to examine the gas potential of the southern and southeastern parts of the Kurgan region. The method of research is the analytical.
While working, the authors presented data on well testing in the Zverinogolovsky, Lebyazhyevsky, Makushinsky, Vargashinsky, and Petukhovsky districts, as well as developed a generalized map of gas manifestations in the study area. Practical importance of the study is in identifying and specifying areas where hydrocarbon exploration and geological surveys should be prioritized.
When oil field waterflooding, various hydrogeochemical processes occur in the geofluidal system of the oil-bearing reservoir. These processes disrupt the linear mixing of components of interacting water that is expected to happen based on the principle of concentration diffusion. The purpose of this article is to investigate which component content maintains the lineal principle of concentrations change during the mixing of waters when waterflooding. Calculations were conducted for two oil field areas in Western and Eastern Siberia, comparing the ratio of water that injected to maintain reservoir pressure and reservoir water in the produced water. The results of these calculations showed that mineralization and chlorine calculations demonstrate same ratio levels, unlike other components. This led to the conclusion that chlorine is the most stable component and can serve as an easily identifiable parameter in laboratory conditions to calculate the ratios of waters in mixtures during the process of oil fields development.
This study is relevant due to the need for a comprehensive assessment of the gashydrogeochemical characteristics of Mesozoic-Cenozoic deposits in the Indigirka area, based on data collected from exploration wells tested between 1989 and 1990.
The aim of this study is to elucidate the origin of water and gas fluids in MesozoicCenozoic deposits as a result of the catagenetic transformation of organic matter from contemporaneous oil and gas source rocks.
The various methods were used in this study, including the universal method of geological analysis of the obtained data.
Key results. Groundwater from Neogene deposits (Kyllakh suite) is classified as sulfatesodium and bicarbonate-sodium types of elision genesis. Groundwater from Paleogene deposits (Darkylakh Suite) is categorized as the bicarbonate-sodium type, while groundwater from Mesozoic deposits (Upper Jurassic – Bastakh Suite) is also classified as the bicarbonate-sodium type. These classifications confirm that Mesozoic-Cenozoic deposits are within catagenesis stage intervals. Water-soluble natural gases are characterized by a "dry" hydrocarbon type in the Darkylakh suite and a "fatty" type in the Bastakh suite. This indicates that the clayey rocks of the Mesozoic deposits could serve as potential oil and gas source rocks.
The presence of elision genesis waters, along with the qualitative and quantitative composition of WSNGs, reflects the initial stage of hydrocarbon potential realization in Upper Jurassic deposits and the potential for forming oil reservoirs in Mesozoic deposits if suitable natural reservoirs exist and are sealed by fluid traps.
The results can be used for evaluating the oil and gas potential of Mesozoic-Cenozoic deposits in the Indigirka area (Eastern Yakutia).
DRILLING OF WELLS AND FIELDS DEVELOPMENT
Vertical permeability is an important characteristic of oil and gas reservoirs, significantly impacting the distribution of fluid and gas flows within the reservoir.
Information about this parameter is essential for addressing various challenges in both scientific and industrial practice. Specifically, it facilitates assessments of the anisotropy of filtration properties of the porous medium normal to the plane of the reservoir, aids in predicting the formation of gas or formation water cones, calculates flow rates in horizontal wells, and develops filtration models for hydrocarbon feed extraction, among other applications.
For horizontal wells, the traditional sources of information on the values of this rock property are laboratory studies of core material and the interpretation of Well tests. However, in certain situations, such as when natural core samples are unavailable or when initial bottom-hole pressure measurements are distorted, these conventional methods may not be feasible. In these cases, algorithms that utilize indirect indicators from alternative sources become valuable.
The aim of this article is to demonstrate a developed method for determining vertical permeability in horizontal wells. This method employs dimensionless criteria for calculations, which are set of quantities reflecting the combination of the geometric features of the wellbore and the physicogeological properties of the reservoir. The required solution is achieved by processing input data using statistical methods and graphical analysis.
It is shown that this methodological approach allows for the rapid assessment of vertical permeability in situations where conventional data collection is not possible. This method can be applied to any well where the necessary parameters for calculations are known and accessible. It allows for obtaining data on vertical permeability with an acceptable degree of accuracy compared to similar definitions from pressure recovery curve.
Field pipeline failures can occur for various reasons during oil field development, resulting in emergency oil spills on the surface. In 2001, specialists from the State Committee on Ecology examined the Yamal-Nenets autonomous district and found that half of the areas with dense concentrations of wells referred to as "clusters," contained oil spills. In addition, considering the functioning characteristics of leaks at oil fields, the actual pollution area is estimated to be 2.5 to 10 times larger than what can be visually observed. According to some sources, by the early 2000s, approximately 350,000 kilometres of in-field and inter-field oil pipelines were operational in Russia. These field pipelines experienced between 50,000 to 60,000 failures each year, including ruptures and corrosion holes with leaks. The volume of oil spilt was estimated to range from 1% to 7% of the total production volume.
It has been found that the annual discharge of oils and oil products from major rivers in Western Siberia into the Arctic seas amounts to: the Ob River contributes up to 600,000 tons, the Yenisei River up to 360,000 tons, and the Lena River up to 50,000 tons. In the Ob River basin alone, up to 1.5 million tons of oil are discharged each year, resulting in the loss of natural significance for approximately 250 rivers and 1,200 streams. Emergency leaks that occur in spring, when a layer of meltwater is present on the surface, can cause the oil slick to spread extensively due to wind effects, leading to uncontrolled environmental pollution. Oil slick movement on the water surface may extend to important protected areas, such as rivers, lakes, and streams, resulting in further contamination. Therefore, mathematical modelling of the emergency spread of spilt oil on a natural surface covered with meltwater is essential for addressing various situations in engineering practice. Predictive calculations using the proposed mathematical model allow for the evaluation of the oil slick's spread dynamics, providing the basis for necessary actions to localize the spill and prevent pollution of critical protected natural areas.
Predictive calculations using this mathematical model can help evaluate the dynamics of the oil slick's spread, providing a basis for necessary actions to localize the spill and prevent pollution of critical protected natural areas.
DESIGNING, CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF PIPELINE TRANSPORT SYSTEM
The article deals with a promising method of protection against re-liquefaction corrosion. It discusses the background of the research, highlighting the corrosion threats to liquid storage infrastructure and the necessity for more durable and efficient corrosion protection methods. The main purpose of the article is to evaluate the effectiveness of using composite materials for corrosion protection and to identify the potential advantages of this approach. The article considers the essential design parameters of tank structures and the problems of corrosion when metals are exposed to gas-air environments. It describes a modern and promising method for tackling corrosion. In addition, it is a question of a range of benefits associated with the proposed solution.
To assess the prospects of composite materials, the study employs methods for analyzing physicochemical properties, conducting strength tests, and evaluating corrosion resistance. An effective strategic solution for the use of storage tanks is proposed, aims at increasing its parameters.
The main results of the study show that applying composite materials for corrosion protection significantly extends the service life of tanks and reduces costs related to regular maintenance and repairs. The article includes formulas describing processes dependent on parameters such as density, pressure, wall thickness, etc. Also, it reflects dependence of the influence of corrosion lesion growth over time without the use of protection means. The dependence of oil absorption on the density of the proposed material is demonstrated, along with the effects of oil-gas-air environments on oil resistance and gas absorption. Furthermore, the article graphically represents and analyzes the corrosion impact before and after implementing the new protective solutions, as well as the relationship between the corrosion rate and temperature conditions.
The practical significance of this work lies in the compilation of data that can be utilized by designers, engineers, and operational organizations to make informed decisions regarding the selection of protective materials and technologies for tanks. Ultimately, this will lead to reduced maintenance costs and increased reliability of storage infrastructure.
The most common method for constructing field pipelines on permafrost is above-ground installation on supports. The span between these supports must be determined to avoid resonance frequencies caused by vortex excitation from wind loads. While many studies have aimed to determine natural frequencies, the impact of multiphase fluids has not been thoroughly explored.
The purpose of the study is to determine how the parameters of multiphase fluids influence the natural frequencies of oscillations in above-ground field pipelines.
As a leading method, we use solution of the differential equation of the mathematical model of transverse deformations of a rod under the influence of longitudinal forces.
The study found that changes in natural frequencies resulting from changes in the parameters of the transported multiphase fluid remain within a manageable range. This assessment considers the fluid solely as an additional mass, both under no pressure conditions and at the maximum allowable pressure for which the pipeline was designed. Additionally, changes in water cut and gas factor affect the density of the overall flow, which, in turn, alters the mass of the transported fluid. This change in mass has a greater influence on natural frequencies than internal pressure.
It is demonstrated that, when determining the placement of supports for above-ground field pipelines, it is essential to use the natural frequencies that account for the additional mass, considering both no-pressure and maximum-allowable-pressure conditions.
EDUCATION REFORM: THE EXPERIENCE OF COMPANIES AND UNIVERSITIES IN THE TRAINING OF SKILLED WORKERS FOR THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY
Tatar Oil Research and Design Institute (TatNIPIneft) of PJSC TATNEFT is a competitive and rapidly developing organization. To ensure continuous scientific and technological advancement, increase the share of high-tech innovations, and maintain operational efficiency, it is essential to proactively prepare future professionals and minimize the adaptation time for young specialists.
At the institute, theoretical and practical training is provided to students from the Almetyevsk State Technological University "Petroleum High School" and other universities. We focus on working with students is to enhance their qualifications for subsequent employment and ensure they are well-prepared as trained personnel.
Our goal in study is to address to identify opportunities and prospects for solving production tasks through the involvement of employed students. The main method used in this study include observing students' daily work, as well as analysis and surveys that pertain to the specifics of current higher education training.
The applied value of the study is in the analysis of existing practices in student collaboration and the proposed developmental paths for this activity.
This activity aims to further develop competencies and essential skills in young professionals, taking into account the specific nature of the work at the TatNIPIneft.